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- Ελληνικά
Unemployment 5.9%
Based on the results of the Labour Force Survey for the 4th quarter of 2023, the labour force stood at 491.929 persons or 64.9% of the population (men 69.2%, women 60.9%) compared to 489,650 persons (65.5%) in the corresponding quarter of 2022 (Table 1).
The number of employed persons was 462.881 persons and the employment rate was 61.1% (men 65.0%, women 57.4%) compared to 455,727 persons (61.0%) in the corresponding quarter of 2022.
The number of unemployed persons was 29.047 persons and the unemployment rate was 5.9% of the labour force (men 6.0%, women 5.8%) compared to 33,922 persons (6.9%) in the corresponding quarter of 2022.
Employment (Table 2)
In the 20-64 age group the employment rate was 78.6%. The rate for men was 82.4% and for women 75.0%. In the corresponding quarter of 2022 the rate was 78.1% (men 84.2%, women 72.5%). In ages 55-64 the employment rate was 68.0% compared to 65.3% in the corresponding quarter of 2022.
According to the breakdown of employment by sector, Services accounted for the largest share of employment with 81.5%, followed by Industry and Agriculture with rates of 16.0% and 2.5% respectively. For Q4 2022 the respective percentages were: Services 80.3%, Industry 17.4% and Agriculture 2.3%.
Part-time employment accounted for 8.5% of total employment or 39,124 persons (men 6.6%, women 10.4%). The corresponding figure for the fourth quarter of 2022 was 10.1% (men 7.5%, women 13.0%).
Of the total employed, 89.4% or 413,837 persons were employees, of whom 12.8% (53,143 persons) had temporary jobs. In the corresponding quarter of 2022, employees accounted for 89.3% of total employment and of these, 11.3% had temporary work.
Unemployment (Table 3)
Among young people aged 15-24, the unemployment rate was 18.6% of the labour force in these ages (men 21.2%, women 16.1%) compared to 19.2% (men 21.3%, women 17.2%) in the same quarter last year.
In terms of duration of unemployment, 57.0% of all unemployed people had been looking for work for a period of less than 6 months, 15.5% for a period of 6-11 months, while 27.5% were long-term unemployed. The corresponding rates for Q4 2022 were 54.0%, 13.6% and 32.4%.
| Table 1 | ||||
| Total | 29.047 | 33,922 | 5.9 | 6.9 |
| Men | 15,207 | 15.291 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
| Women | 13.841 | 18.631 | 5.8 | 7,9 |
[TD]
[/TD] [TD] [/TD]
[TR] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
Number
[/TD] [TD]Percentage (%)
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]T4 2023
[/TD] [/TD] [TD] [TD]T4 2022
[/TD] [TD]T4 2023
[/TD] [TD]T4 2022
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Labour Potential
[/TD] [/TD] [TD][/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Total
[/TD] [/TD] [TD]491.929
[/TD] [TD]489,650
[/TD] [TD]64.9
[/TD] [TD]65.5
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Men
[/TD] [TD]251,491
[/TD] [TD]254.354
[/TD] [TD]69.2
[/TD] [TD]71.0
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Women
[/TD] [TD]240,437
[/TD] [TD]235.295
[/TD] [TD]60.9
[/TD] [TD]60,4
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD][/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Employment
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]462.881
[/TD] [TD]455,727
[/TD] [TD]61.1
[/TD] [TD]61.0
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Men
[/TD] [TD]236,284
[/TD] [TD]239.064
[/TD] [TD]65.0
[/TD] [TD]66.8
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Women
[/TD] [TD]226.597
[/TD] [TD]216.664
[/TD] [TD]57.4
[/TD] [TD]55,6
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD][/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Unemployment
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR]| Table2 |
| Employment |
[TD]
Number
[/TD] [TD]Percentage (%)
[/TD] [/TD][TR] [TD]
T4 2023
[/TD] [TD]T4 2022
[/TD] [/TD] [TD]T4 2023
[/TD] [TD]T42022
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]A
[/TD] [TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]A
[/TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]A
[/TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]A
[/TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Age
[/TD] [/TD] [TD][/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
15+
[/TD] [/TD] [TD]462.881
[/TD] [TD]236,284
[/TD] [TD]226,597
[/TD] [TD]455,727
[/TD] [TD]239,064
[/TD] [TD]216.664
[/TD] [TD]61.1
[/TD] [TD]65.0
[/TD] [TD]57.4
[/TD] [TD]61,0
[/TD] [TD]66.8
[/TD] [TD]55.6
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]20-64
[/TD] [TD]442.513
[/TD] [TD]223,538
[/TD] [TD]218,975
[/TD] [TD]435,459
[/TD] [TD]226,017
[/TD] [TD]209.443
[/TD] [TD]78.6
[/TD] [TD]82.4
[/TD] [TD]75.0
[/TD] [TD]78.1
[/TD] [TD]84.2
[/TD] [TD]72.5
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]55-64
[/TD] [TD]74.365
[/TD] [TD]40,599
[/TD] [TD]33,766
[/TD] [TD]70,685
[/TD] [TD]40,905
[/TD] [TD]29.780
[/TD] [TD]68.0
[/TD] [TD]74.7
[/TD] [TD]61.4
[/TD] [TD]65.3
[/TD] [TD]76.3
[/TD] [TD]54,6
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD][/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Τομέας
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Γεωργία
[/TD] [TD]11.430
[/TD] [TD]9.256
[/TD] [TD]2.174
[/TD] [TD]10.622
[/TD] [TD]9.043
[/TD] [TD]1.579
[/TD] [TD]2,5
[/TD] [TD]3,9
[/TD] [TD]1,0
[/TD] [TD]2,3
[/TD] [TD]3,8
[/TD] [TD]0,7
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Βιομηχανία
[/TD] [TD]73.940
[/TD] [TD]58.657
[/TD] [TD]15.283
[/TD] [TD]79.256
[/TD] [TD]62.049
[/TD] [TD]17.207
[/TD] [TD]16.0
[/TD] [TD]24.8
[/TD] [TD]6.7
[/TD] [TD]17.4
[/TD] [TD]26,0
[/TD] [TD]7.9
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Services
[/TD] [TD]377.512
[/TD] [TD]168,371
[/TD] [TD]209,140
[/TD] [TD]365,849
[/TD] [TD]167,971
[/TD] [TD]197.878
[/TD] [TD]81.5
[/TD] [TD]71.3
[/TD] [TD]92.3
[/TD] [TD]80.3
[/TD] [TD]70.3
[/TD] [TD]91,3
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD][/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Complete
[/TD] [TD]423.758
[/TD] [TD]220,646
[/TD] [TD]203.112
[/TD] [TD]409,811
[/TD] [TD]221,242
[/TD] [TD]188.569
[/TD] [TD]91.5
[/TD] [TD]93.4
[/TD] [TD]89.6
[/TD] [TD]89,9
[/TD] [TD]92.5
[/TD] [TD]87.0
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Partial
[/TD] [TD]39.124
[/TD] [TD]15.639
[/TD] [TD]23.485
[/TD] [TD]45.916
[/TD] [TD]17.821
[/TD] [TD]28.095
[/TD] [TD]8.5
[/TD] [TD]6.6
[/TD] [TD]10.4
[/TD] [TD]10.1
[/TD] [TD]7.5
[/TD] [TD]13,0
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Professional. Substantiation
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Auto-
[/TD] [/TD] [TD]49.044
[/TD] [TD]29,369
[/TD] [TD]19,676
[/TD] [TD]48,820
[/TD] [TD]28,551
[/TD] [TD]20.270
[/TD] [TD]10.6
[/TD] [TD]12.4
[/TD] [TD]8.7
[/TD] [TD]10.7
[/TD] [TD]11.9
[/TD] [TD]9,4
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD][/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Employees
[/TD] [TD][/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD] [/TD] [TD]
413.837
[/TD] [TD]206,916
[/TD] [TD]206,921
[/TD] [TD]406,907
[/TD] [TD]210,513
[/TD] [TD]196.394
[/TD] [TD]89.4
[/TD] [TD]87.6
[/TD] [TD]91.3
[/TD] [TD]89,3
[/TD] [TD]88.1
[/TD] [TD]90.6
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Monimo
[/TD] [TD]360.693
[/TD] [TD]185,317
[/TD] [TD]175.376
[/TD] [TD]360.856
[/TD] [TD]192.019
[/TD] [TD]168.837
[/TD] [TD]87.2
[/TD] [TD]89.6
[/TD] [TD]84.8
[/TD] [TD]88.7
[/TD] [TD]91,2
[/TD] [TD]86.0
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Temporary
[/TD] [TD]53.143
[/TD] [TD]21.598
[/TD] [TD]31.545
[/TD] [TD]46.051
[/TD] [TD]18.494
[/TD] [TD]27.557
[/TD] [TD]12.8
[/TD] [TD]10.4
[/TD] [TD]15.2
[/TD] [TD]11.3
[/TD] [TD]8.8
[/TD] [TD]14,0
[/TD] [/TR]
|
Table 3 |
[/TD]
[TR] [TD]
Unemployment
[/TD] [TD]Number
[/TD] [TD]Percentage (%)
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]T4 2023
[/TD] [TD]T42022
[/TD] [TD]T42023
[/TD] [TD]
T4 2022
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]
A
[/TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]A
[/TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]Total[/TD] [TD]
A
[/TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]A
[/TD] [TD]C
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD] [TD]Age
[/TD] [/TD] [TD][/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
15+
[/TD] [TD]29.047
[/TD] [TD]15,207
[/TD] [TD]13,841
[/TD] [TD]33,922
[/TD] [TD]15,291
[/TD] [TD]18.631
[/TD] [TD]5.9
[/TD] [TD]6.0
[/TD] [TD]5.8
[/TD] [TD]6.9
[/TD] [TD]6.0
[/TD] [TD]7.9
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]15-24
[/TD] [TD]7.466
[/TD] [TD]4,118
[/TD] [TD]3,349
[/TD] [TD]7.952
[/TD] [TD]4,276
[/TD] [TD]3.676
[/TD] [TD]18.6
[/TD] [TD]21.2
[/TD] [TD]16.1
[/TD] [TD]19.2
[/TD] [TD]21.3
[/TD] [TD]17.2
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]25-64
[/TD] [TD]21.432
[/TD] [TD]11,037
[/TD] [TD]10,395
[/TD] [TD]25,704
[/TD] [TD]10,818
[/TD] [TD]14.886
[/TD] [TD]4.9
[/TD] [TD]5.0
[/TD] [TD]4.9
[/TD] [TD]6.0
[/TD] [TD]4.9
[/TD] [TD]7,1
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD][/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Duration
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]< 6 months
[/TD] [TD]16.546
[/TD] [TD]8,742
[/TD] [TD]7,803
[/TD] [TD]18,305
[/TD] [TD]8,055
[/TD] [TD]10.251
[/TD] [TD]57.0
[/TD] [TD]57.5
[/TD] [TD]56.4
[/TD] [TD]54,0
[/TD] [TD]52.7
[/TD] [TD]55.0
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]6-11 months
[/TD] [TD]4.517
[/TD] [TD]1.752
[/TD] [TD]2.765
[/TD] [TD]4.605
[/TD] [TD]2.428
[/TD] [TD]2.176
[/TD] [TD]15.5
[/TD] [TD]11.5
[/TD] [TD]20.0
[/TD] [TD]13,6
[/TD] [TD]15.9
[/TD] [TD]11.7
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]12+ months
[/TD] [TD]7.984
[/TD] [TD]4.712
[/TD] [TD]3.272
[/TD] [TD]11.011
[/TD] [TD]4.806
[/TD] [TD]6.205
[/TD] [TD]27.5
[/TD] [TD]31.0
[/TD] [TD]23.6
[/TD] [TD]32.4
[/TD] [TD]31,4
[/TD] [TD]33,3
[/TD] [/TR]
A: Men C: Women
Note: Possible differences in totals in the tables are due to rounding error.
Note: Possible differences in totals are due to rounding error.
Methodological information
Identity of the Survey
The Labour Force Survey (LFS) is conducted in all European Union member countries every quarter based on Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council, which entered into force on 1.1.2021. Until 2020, EID was carried out on the basis of Regulation 577/98 of the Council of the European Union. In Cyprus, the survey was first conducted in 1999 and until 2003 it was conducted in the second quarter of each year. From the second quarter of 2004 onwards, the survey is conducted every quarter on a continuous basis.
The aim of the survey is to collect data that are useful for policy making on labour issues (employment, unemployment) and for monitoring and evaluating the programmes implemented by both the Government and the European Union.
Coverage and Data Collection
The LFS covers a sample of 3,800 households in all the Districts of Cyprus distributed according to the number of households residing in urban and rural areas.
For purposes of comparability of results across member countries, the survey covers the population of private households only. It does not cover persons living in collective living arrangements (i.e. institutions, nursing homes, hospitals, monasteries, etc.), soldiers serving their military service, as well as students studying abroad and Cypriots working abroad.
Data collection by the Statistical Service is carried out through face-to-face interviews and the use of laptop computers as well as telephone interviews.
Methodological Changes
With the introduction of the new European Regulation on Social Statistics (2019/1700), the SBS is conducted with significant changes in the design and implementation of the questionnaire, so that it is fully harmonized with this new regulation. The most important changes in terms of employment and unemployment, in the context of the introduction of the new regulation, are:
| Employed - until 2020 (persons aged 15 years and over) |
[TD]
Employed - from 2021 onwards
(persons aged 15 - 89 years old)
[/TD] [/TD][TR] [TD]
(a) Persons who during the reference week worked for at least 1 hour for pay or profit. Also included are persons working in the family business without pay.
[/TD] [/TD] [TD]a) Persons who during the reference week worked for at least 1 hour for pay or profit. Persons working in the family business unpaid are also included.
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD] [TD](b) Persons who had a job from which they were temporarily absent during the reference week:
- due to sick leave or maternity or paternity leave,
- for other reasons with the duration of absence being 3 months or less
- for other reasons with the duration of absence being more than 3 months and receiving at least 50% of their wages.
[/TD] [TD]b) Persons who had a job from which they were temporarily absent during the reference week:
- due to vacation or holiday leave, special working time arrangements, sick leave, maternity or paternity leave or work-related education or training,
- for other reasons with the period of absence being 3 months or less
- seasonal workers who continue to perform regular duties for their job during the period of absence.
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Unemployed - until 2020
(persons 15 - 74 years old)
[/TD] [TD]Unemployed - from 2021 onwards
(persons 15 - 74 years old)
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]- People who do not meet the criteria for employment (above)
and
- are available to start work within 2 weeks
and
- are looking for work or have already found work that will start in a maximum of 3 months.
[/TD] [TD]- People who do not meet the criteria for employment (above)
and
- are available to start work within 2 weeks
and
- are actively looking for work or have already found work that will start in a maximum of 3 months
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR]
The above changes to the regulations have not affected the results of the ADR from 2021 onwards. A special study carried out to test the above changes to the regulations shows that the implementation of the new regulation from 2021 onwards has not affected the results of the ADR.
It should be noted that the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has affected both employment and unemployment, since the measures taken by the state to contain it have affected enterprises of various economic activities, (e.g. total or partial suspension of operations). This has resulted in people employed in these enterprises not working for a significant period of time (more than 3 months) and therefore not being considered as employed. It also resulted in individuals who were not working not actively looking for work (due to the lack of jobs), even though they were available to work within 2 weeks of the reference week and therefore not considered unemployed.
Definitions
Labour Force / Economically Active Population - The total number of employed and unemployed persons aged 15 years and over.
Employed - Persons aged 15 to 89 who worked for at least one hour during the reference week, as well as persons who had a job but were temporarily absent from it.
Unemployed - Persons aged 15 to 74 who meet the following criteria:
- Did not work or have a job from which they were temporarily absent during the reference week.
- They were actively looking for a job, i.e. had taken specific actions in the previous 4 weeks to find a job or found a job that will start in at most 3 months.
- They were available to take up work within 2 weeks of the reference week.
Long-term unemployed - People aged 15 - 74 who had been looking for work for a period of 12 months or more.
Inactive - People aged 15 and over who are neither employed nor unemployed.
Labour force participation rate - The percentage of the labour force for any category in the total population of that category.
Employment rate - The percentage of employed persons for any category in the total population of that category.
Unemployment rate - The percentage of unemployed persons for any category in the total labour force of that category.
EEA Employment Estimate Vs National Accounts
Employment estimates in the National Accounts differ from the results of other surveys and statistics, in particular those derived from the EEA. In particular, there are differences due both to the combination of statistical data from different sources and to conceptual reasons.
The differences are presented in the archive: Differences in employment estimation
For more information the public can visit the Statistics Service Portal, subtitle Labour Market, CYSTAT-DB (Database), Predefined Tables (Excel), Methodological Information, or contact Ms. Maria Hatziprokopis at 22602146 and at mhadjiprokopi@cystat.mof.gov.cy, or Mr. Christoforos Michaelides at 22602154 and at cmichaelides@cystat.mof.gov.cy.
The Predefined Tables in Excel format include data up to the 4th quarter of 2021. For data from Q1 2022 onwards, the update will be done only in the CYSTAT-DB Database.
(AF/GC)
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