Unemployment 6.9%
Based on the results of the Labour Force Survey for the 4th quarter of 2022, the labour force stood at 489.650 persons or 65.5% of the population (men 71.0%, women 60.4%) compared to 473,537 persons (64.5%) in the corresponding quarter of 2021 (Table 1).
The number of employed persons was 455.727 persons and the employment rate was 61.0% (men 66.8%, women 55.6%) compared to 443,937 persons (60.5%) in the corresponding quarter of 2021.
The number of unemployed was 33,922 persons and the unemployment rate was 6.9% of the labour force (men 6.0%, women 7.9%) compared to 29,600 persons (6.3%) in the corresponding quarter of 2021.
Employment (Table 2)
In the 20-64 age group the employment rate was 78.1%. The rate for men was 84.2% and for women 72.5%. In the corresponding quarter of 2021 the rate was 77.6% (men 83.8%, women 71.7%). In the 55-64 age group the employment rate was 65.3% compared to 65.7% in the corresponding quarter of 2021.
According to the distribution of employment by sector, the largest share of employees was in Services with 80.3%, followed by Industry and Agriculture with rates of 17.4% and 2.3% respectively. For Q4 2021 the respective percentages were: Services 81.1%, Industry 16.5% and Agriculture 2.4%.
Part-time employment accounted for 10.1% of total employment or 45,916 persons (men 7.5%, women 13.0%). The corresponding figure for Q4 2021 was 11.2% (men 8.7%, women 14.1%).
Of the total employed, 89.3% or 406,907 persons were employees, of whom 11.3% (46,051 persons) had temporary jobs. In the corresponding quarter of 2021, employees accounted for 88.9% of total employment and of these, 12.3% had temporary work.
Unemployment (Table 3)
Among young people aged 15-24 years, the unemployment rate was 19.2% of the labour force of these ages (men 21.3%, women 17.2%) compared to 17.4% (men 16.8%, women 18.1%) in the same quarter last year.
In terms of duration of unemployment, 54.0% of all unemployed people had been looking for work for a period of less than 6 months, 13.6% for a period of 6-11 months, while 32.4% were long-term unemployed. The corresponding rates for Q4 2021 were 47.7%, 16.2% and 36.1%.
Table 1
| | Number | Percentage (%) |
|
4o Quarter 2022 |
[TD]
4o Quarter 2021
[/TD] [/TD] [TD] [TD]4o Quarter 2022
[/TD] [TD]4o Quarter 2021
[/TD][TR] [TD]
Labour Potential
[/TD] [TD][/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Total
[/TD] [TD]489.650
[/TD] [TD]473,537
[/TD] [TD]65.5
[/TD] [TD]64.5
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Men
[/TD] [TD]254,354
[/TD] [TD]250.329
[/TD] [TD]71.0
[/TD] [TD]70.9
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Women
[/TD] [TD]235,295
[/TD] [TD]223.207
[/TD] [TD]60.4
[/TD] [TD]58,5
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Employment
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]455.727
[/TD] [TD]443,937
[/TD] [TD]61.0
[/TD] [TD]60.5
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Men
[/TD] [TD]239,064
[/TD] [TD]235.698
[/TD] [TD]66.8
[/TD] [TD]66.8
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Women
[/TD] [TD]216,664
[/TD] [TD]208.239
[/TD] [TD]55.6
[/TD] [TD]54,6
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Unemployment
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]33.922
[/TD] [TD]29,600
[/TD] [TD]6.9
[/TD] [TD]6.3
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Men
[/TD] [TD]15,291
[/TD] [TD]14.632
[/TD] [TD]6.0
[/TD] [TD]5.8
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Women
[/TD] [TD]18.631
[/TD] [TD]14.968
[/TD] [TD]7.9
[/TD] [TD]6,7
[/TD] [/TR]
Table 2
| Employment | Number |
[TD]
Percentage (%)
[/TD][TR] [TD]
4o Quarter 2022
[/TD] [TD]4o Quarter 2021
[/TD] [TD]4o Quarter 2022
[/TD] [TD]
4o Quarter 2021
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Co.
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Age
[/TD] [TD][/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
15+
[/TD] [TD]455.727
[/TD] [TD]239,064
[/TD] [TD]216,664
[/TD] [TD]443.937
[/TD] [TD]235,698
[/TD] [TD]208.239
[/TD] [TD]61.0
[/TD] [TD]66.8
[/TD] [TD]55.6
[/TD] [TD]60.5
[/TD] [TD]66.8
[/TD] [TD]54.6
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]20-64
[/TD] [TD]435.459
[/TD] [TD]226,017
[/TD] [TD]209,443
[/TD] [TD]425,032
[/TD] [TD]222,217
[/TD] [TD]202.815
[/TD] [TD]78,1
[/TD] [TD]84,2
[/TD] [TD]72,5
[/TD] [TD]77,6
[/TD] [TD]83,8
[/TD] [TD]71,7
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]55–64
[/TD] [TD]70.685
[/TD] [TD]40.905
[/TD] [TD]29.780
[/TD] [TD]69.340
[/TD] [TD]40.405
[/TD] [TD]28.935
[/TD] [TD]65,3
[/TD] [TD]76,3
[/TD] [TD]54,6
[/TD] [TD]65,7
[/TD] [TD]77,1
[/TD] [TD]54,5
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Τομέας
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Γεωργία
[/TD] [TD]10.622
[/TD] [TD]9.043
[/TD] [TD]1.579
[/TD] [TD]10.491
[/TD] [TD]8.730
[/TD] [TD]1.761
[/TD] [TD]2.3
[/TD] [TD]3.8
[/TD] [TD]0.7
[/TD] [TD]2.4
[/TD] [TD]3.7
[/TD] [TD]0.8
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Industry
[/TD] [TD]79.256
[/TD] [TD]62.049
[/TD] [TD]17.207
[/TD] [TD]73.490
[/TD] [TD]59.647
[/TD] [TD]13.843
[/TD] [TD]17.4
[/TD] [TD]26.0
[/TD] [TD]7.9
[/TD] [TD]16.5
[/TD] [TD]25,3
[/TD] [TD]6.7
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Services
[/TD] [TD]365.849
[/TD] [TD]167,971
[/TD] [TD]197,878
[/TD] [TD]359,956
[/TD] [TD]167,321
[/TD] [TD]192.636
[/TD] [TD]80.3
[/TD] [TD]70.3
[/TD] [TD]91.3
[/TD] [TD]81.1
[/TD] [TD]71.0
[/TD] [TD]92,5
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD][/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Complete
[/TD] [TD]409.811
[/TD] [TD]221,242
[/TD] [TD]188,569
[/TD] [TD]394,089
[/TD] [TD]215,253
[/TD] [TD]178.836
[/TD] [TD]89.9
[/TD] [TD]92.5
[/TD] [TD]87.0
[/TD] [TD]88.8
[/TD] [TD]91.3
[/TD] [TD]85.9
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Partial
[/TD] [TD]45.916
[/TD] [TD]17.821
[/TD] [TD]28.095
[/TD] [TD]49.848
[/TD] [TD]20.444
[/TD] [TD]29.403
[/TD] [TD]10.1
[/TD] [TD]7.5
[/TD] [TD]13.0
[/TD] [TD]11.2
[/TD] [TD]8.7
[/TD] [TD]14.1
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Professional category:
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Selfgivers
[/TD] [TD]48.820
[/TD] [TD]28,551
[/TD] [TD]20.270
[/TD] [TD]49.461
[/TD] [TD]30.729
[/TD] [TD]18.731
[/TD] [TD]10.7
[/TD] [TD]11.9
[/TD] [TD]9.4
[/TD] [TD]11.1
[/TD] [TD]13.0
[/TD] [TD]9,0
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Employees
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Total
[/TD] [TD]406.907
[/TD] [TD]210,513
[/TD] [TD]196,394
[/TD] [TD]394,476
[/TD] [TD]204,969
[/TD] [TD]189.508
[/TD] [TD]89.3
[/TD] [TD]88.1
[/TD] [TD]90.6
[/TD] [TD]88,9
[/TD] [TD]87.0
[/TD] [TD]91.0
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Μόνιμοι
[/TD] [TD]360.856
[/TD] [TD]192,019
[/TD] [TD]168,837
[/TD] [TD]345,991
[/TD] [TD]187,585
[/TD] [TD]158.406
[/TD] [TD]88.7
[/TD] [TD]91.2
[/TD] [TD]86.0
[/TD] [TD]87.7
[/TD] [TD]91,5
[/TD] [TD]83.6
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Personal
[/TD] [TD]46.051
[/TD] [TD]18,494
[/TD] [TD]27,557
[/TD] [TD]48,485
[/TD] [TD]17,383
[/TD] [TD]31.102
[/TD] [TD]11.3
[/TD] [TD]8.8
[/TD] [TD]14.0
[/TD] [TD]12.3
[/TD] [TD]8.5
[/TD] [TD]16,4
[/TD] [/TR]
Table 3
| [TD] Unemployment | Number | Percentage (%) |
| [TR] [TD] 4o Quarter 2022 |
4o Quarter 2021
[/TD] [TD] [TD]4o Quarter 2022
[/TD] [TD]4o Quarter 2021
[/TD] [TR] [TD]Co.
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
Age
[/TD] [TD][/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [TD]
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]
15+
[/TD] [TD]33.922
[/TD] [TD]15,291
[/TD] [TD]18,631
[/TD] [TD]29.600
[/TD] [TD]14.632
[/TD] [TD]14.968
[/TD] [TD]6.9
[/TD] [TD]6.0
[/TD] [TD]7.9
[/TD] [TD]6.3
[/TD] [TD]5.8
[/TD] [TD]6.7
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]15-24
[/TD] [TD]7.952
[/TD] [TD]4,276
[/TD] [TD]3,676
[/TD] [TD]6,898
[/TD] [TD]3,366
[/TD] [TD]3.532
[/TD] [TD]19.2
[/TD] [TD]21.3
[/TD] [TD]17.2
[/TD] [TD]17.4
[/TD] [TD]16.8
[/TD] [TD]18.1
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]25-64
[/TD] [TD]25.704
[/TD] [TD]10,818
[/TD] [TD]14,886
[/TD] [TD]22,543
[/TD] [TD]11,107
[/TD] [TD]11.436
[/TD] [TD]6.0
[/TD] [TD]4.9
[/TD] [TD]7.1
[/TD] [TD]5.4
[/TD] [TD]5.1
[/TD] [TD]5,7
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Διάρκεια
[/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [TD] [/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]< 6 months
[/TD] [TD]18.305
[/TD] [TD]8.055
[/TD] [TD]10.251
[/TD] [TD]14.112
[/TD] [TD]6.083
[/TD] [TD]8.031
[/TD] [TD]54.0
[/TD] [TD]52.7
[/TD] [TD]55.0
[/TD] [TD]47,7
[/TD] [TD]41.6
[/TD] [TD]53.7
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]6-11 months
[/TD] [TD]4.605
[/TD] [TD]2.428
[/TD] [TD]2.176
[/TD] [TD]4.792
[/TD] [TD]2.770
[/TD] [TD]2.022
[/TD] [TD]13.6
[/TD] [TD]15.9
[/TD] [TD]11.7
[/TD] [TD]16,2
[/TD] [TD]18.9
[/TD] [TD]13.5
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]12+ months
[/TD] [TD]11.011
[/TD] [TD]4.806
[/TD] [TD]6.205
[/TD] [TD]10.696
[/TD] [TD]5.780
[/TD] [TD]4.916
[/TD] [TD]32.4
[/TD] [TD]31.4
[/TD] [TD]33.3
[/TD] [TD]36.1
[/TD] [TD]39.5
[/TD] [TD]32.8
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR]Note: Possible differences in totals are due to rounding error.
Methodological information
Identity of the survey:
The Labour Force Survey (LFS) is conducted in all European Union member countries every quarter based on Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council, which entered into force on 1.1.2021. Until 2020, EID was carried out on the basis of Regulation 577/98 of the Council of the European Union. In Cyprus the survey was first conducted in 1999 and until 2003 it was conducted in the second quarter of each year. From the second quarter of 2004 onwards, the survey is conducted every quarter on a continuous basis.
The aim of the survey is to collect data that are useful for policy making on labour issues (employment, unemployment) and for monitoring and evaluating the programmes implemented by both the Government and the European Union.
Coverage and data collection:
The EHR covers a sample of 3,800 households in all provinces of Cyprus, distributed according to the number of households residing in urban and rural areas.
For comparability of results across member countries, the survey covers the population of private households only. It does not cover persons living in collective living arrangements (i.e. institutions, nursing homes, hospitals, monasteries, etc.), soldiers serving their military service as well as students studying abroad and Cypriots working abroad.
Data collection by the Statistical Service is carried out through face-to-face interviews and the use of laptop computers as well as telephone interviews.
Methodological changes. The most important changes in terms of employment and unemployment, in the context of the introduction of the new regulation, are:
| Employed - until 2020 (persons aged 15 and over) |
[TD]
Employed - from 2021 onwards
(persons aged 15 - 89 years old)
[/TD] [/TD][TR] [TD] [TD]
(a) Persons who during the reference week worked for at least 1 hour for pay or profit. Also included are persons working in the family business without pay.
(b) Persons who had a job from which they were temporarily absent during the reference week:
- due to sick leave or maternity or paternity leave,
- for other reasons with the duration of absence being 3 months or less
- for other reasons with the duration of absence being more than 3 months and receiving at least 50% of their wages.
[/TD] [TD]
(a) Persons who during the reference week worked for at least 1 hour for pay or profit. Persons working in the family business without pay are also included.
(b) Persons who had a job from which they were temporarily absent during the reference week:
- due to vacation or holiday leave, special working time arrangements, sick leave, maternity or paternity leave, or work-related education or training,
- for other reasons with the duration of absence being 3 months or less
- seasonal workers who continue to perform regular duties for their job during the dead period.
[/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]Unemployed - until 2020
(persons 15 - 74 years old)
[/TD] [TD]Unemployed - from 2021 onwards
(persons 15 - 74 years old)
[/TD] [/TD] [/TR] [TR] [TD]- People who do not meet the criteria for employment (above)
and
- are available to start work within 2 weeks
and
- are looking for work or have already found work that will start in a maximum of 3 months.
[/TD] [TD]- People who do not meet the criteria for employment (above)
and
- are available to start work within 2 weeks
and
- are actively seeking work or have already found work that will start in a maximum of 3 months.
[/TD] [/TR]
The above changes to the regulations have not affected the results of the ADR from 2021 onwards. A special study carried out to test the above changes to the regulations shows that the implementation of the new regulation from 2021 onwards has not affected the results of the ADR.
It should be noted that the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has affected both employment and unemployment, since the measures taken by the state to contain it have affected enterprises of various economic activities, (e.g. total or partial suspension of operations). This has resulted in people employed in these enterprises not working for a significant period of time (more than 3 months) and therefore not being considered as employed. It also resulted in persons who were not working not actively looking for work (due to the lack of jobs), even though they were available to work within 2 weeks of the reference week and therefore not considered unemployed.
Definitions:
Labour Force / Economically Active Population - The total number of employed and unemployed persons aged 15 years and over.
Definitions:
Labour Force / Economically Active Population - The total number of employed and unemployed persons aged 15 years and over.
Employed - Persons aged 15 to 89 who worked at least one hour during the reference week, as well as persons who had a job but were temporarily absent from it.
Unemployed - Persons aged 15 to 74 who meet the following criteria:
- Did not work or have a job from which they were temporarily absent during the reference week.
- They were actively looking for a job, i.e. had taken specific actions in the previous 4 weeks to find a job or found a job that will start in at most 3 months.
- They were available to take up work within 2 weeks of the reference week.
Long-term unemployed - People aged 15-74 who had been looking for work for a period of 12 months or more
Inactive - People aged 15 and over who are neither employed nor unemployed.
Labour force participation rate - The percentage of the labour force for any category in the total population of that category.
Employment rate - The percentage of employed persons for any category in the total population of that category.
Employment rate - The percentage of employed persons for any category in the total population of that category.
Unemployment rate - The percentage of unemployed persons for any category in the total labour force of that category.
Employment Estimation in the EEA Vs National Accounts:
Employment estimates in the National Accounts differ from the results of other surveys and statistics, in particular those extracted from the EEA. In particular, there are differences due both to the combination of statistical data from different sources and to conceptual reasons. The differences are presented in the file "Differences in employment estimation".
For more information:
Statistics Service Portal, under Labour Market
CYSTAT-DB (Database)
Predefined Tables (Excel)
The Predefined Tables in Excel format include data up to Q4 2021. For data from Q1 2022 onwards, the update will only be done in the CYSTAT-DB Database.
Contact. tel: cmichaelides@cystat.mof.gov.cy
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Views & opinions expressed are those of the author and/or PIO
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