Since the beginning of May there has been an increase in cases of monkeypox in many countries. In our country, no suspected cases of monkeypox have been recorded and the risk is considered low.
According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC, risk assessment 23/05/2022) the overall risk (probability of infection and impact) for the general public is considered low and for the group with multiple sexual partners moderate.
- Declaration of participation of Cyprus for the purchase of monkeypox vaccines. "There is supportive therapy"
- Who the Ministry of Health recommends to be vaccinated for Monkeypox. Available vaccine
Based on current epidemiological data, monkeypox is usually a self-limiting disease with symptoms lasting from 2 to 4 weeks. Severe cases occur more frequently among children and are related to the extent of exposure to the virus, the health status of the patient (coexisting diseases) and the nature of the complications. Underlying immunodeficiencies may lead to worse outcomes.
The interval from infection to the onset of monkeypox symptoms is usually 6 to 13 days, but can range from 5 to 21 days.
METHODS OF TRANSMISSION
Animal-to-human (zoonotic) transmission can occur by:
[BR]- [BR]
- direct contact with[BR]
- [BR][BLOOD,[BR]
- body fluids,[BR]
- skin or mucosal lesions of infected animals,[BR]
- consumption of undercooked meat and other animal products from infected animals.
Human-to-human transmission is not common but may occur:
- close contact with respiratory secretions or skin lesions of an infected person or recently contaminated objects,
- in transmission via respiratory particle droplets usually by prolonged face-to-face contact,
- in transmission through the placenta from mother to foetus (which may lead to congenital monkeypox),
- to close contact during and after birth,
- to close contact with household members, sexual partners, other close contacts (including some hotel and direct flight contacts),
- to persons providing care in an incident, including health care professionals who were not adequately protected.
CASE DEFINITION
Confirmed case:
A person with laboratory-confirmed monkeypox virus infection by PCR testing [1] who has symptom onset on or after 1 March 2022.
Person with a rash of unknown origin on any part of the body
AND
one or more symptoms of simian pox virus with onset on or after 1 March 2022:
- fever (usually high >38.5°C)
- headache
- dorsalgia
- fatigue
- lymphadenopathy (localised or generalised)
AND
one of the following:
- a positive result on an Orthopoxvirus virus detection test[2]
- an epidemiological link to a confirmed or probable case of monkeypox in the 21 days prior to the onset of symptoms
- a reported history of travel to countries endemic for smallpox a person (of any sexual orientation) who has had multiple or unknown sexual partners during the 21 days prior to the onset of symptoms
(B) Person with a rash of unknown origin, generalized or localized, spotty or vesicular/blistering with a centrifugal distribution, with lesions showing an indented umbilical centre or eschar
KAI
Lymphadenopathy
one or more of the other symptoms compatible with smallpox:
- fever (usually high >38.5°C)
- headache
- dorsalgia
- fatigue
In case of the above symptoms or rashes, the public is advised to contact their Personal Physician, Dermatologist or Pediatrician immediately so that appropriate instructions can be given.
CLOSE CONTACTS
Close contacts of a case of monkeypox are.BR\][*]Person(s) who have shared clothing, clothing, utensils, utensils, etc, while the case had a rash
[*]Person(s) who shared a workplace/office with the case for an extended period of time
[*]Caregivers of a monkeypox case during the period when the case was symptomatic without the use of appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
[*]Health care professionals who have had contact with a monkeypox case (skin lesions or prolonged contact face-to-face) without the use of appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
[*]Health care professionals or other persons who sustained a sharps injury or were exposed to body fluids of a monkeypox case or a procedure involving aerosol production without the use of PPE
[*]Laboratory personnel exposed to an occupational accident with a sample containing virus (ejection of biological fluids, sharps injury, exposure to aerosol, etc.)
[*]Co-passengers of a case within 1-2 seats around the perimeter of the case while it was symptomatic, on an airplane, bus or train on a journey of ≥8 hours
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Guidance for confirmed cases not hospitalized
Confirmed cases:
[BR]- [BR]
- should be isolated from 2 to 4 weeks and discharge of cases should be done after evaluation by the attending physician/personal physician for confirmation of rash healing.
- should remain in their own room when at home and use separate items from other household members (clothes, bedding, towels, eating utensils, dishes, BR\]
- should avoid contact with immunocompromised persons
- should avoid contact with domestic mammals, especially rodents (mice, rats, hamsters, gerbils, guinea pigs, guinea pigs, squirrels, etc.)
- .
- Cases residing at home are self-limiting; if their symptoms worsen, they should inform their Personal Physician and be taken to a hospital.
Guidelines for close contacts of confirmed cases
- should avoid contact with domestic mammals, especially rodents (mice, rats, hamsters, gerbils, guinea pigs, squirrels, etc.
- do not self-limit unless they develop suspicious symptoms, as listed above. In this case, they should contact their Personal Physician, Dermatologist or Pediatrician immediately so that they can be given appropriate instructions.
Contact telephone numbers: cycomnet@cytanet.com.cy
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